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State Tax Refund
For Economic Development
Table 1: Tax Year 2003 Applications
Table 2: Tax Year 2003 Refunds Paid

The Texas Tax Code provides for state tax refunds to encourage economic development. Some Texas property owners are eligible to receive refunds on their net state sales and use taxes and franchise taxes for paying local school taxes, where tax incentives are not offered by a school district. The total for all refunds collectively may not exceed $10 million, the amount made available by the Texas Legislature.

Tax year 2003 was the seventh year that companies could apply for reimbursement of school taxes paid on a property that received a county or city abatement but not a school tax abatement. Companies had to file their refund applications before August 3, 2004. Of the 171 individual refund applications received for 2003 taxes, the Comptroller’s office approved 163 applications representing 104 companies. While the approved 2003 refunds totaled $67.8 million, these 104 companies received total refunds of $10 million (the maximum amount made available by the Texas Legislature) to reimburse them for paying 2003 school taxes.

This report documents the applications for refunds filed with the Comptroller’s office and the refunds subsequently paid. See Table 1 for the filed 2003 refund applications and Table 2 lists the companies receiving 2003 refunds.

Except for 1997, the first year of the refund, the full $10 million has been refunded each year. See table below for a breakdown.

Tax Refund Year Companies Amount Refunded
2002 91 $10 million
2001 90 $10 million
2000 82 $10 million
1999 62 $10 million
1998 28 $10 million
1997 10 $4.8 million


Background

Starting in 1997, property owners were eligible to receive refunds on their net state sales and net franchise taxes. Senate Bill 345, 74th Texas Legislature, 1995, added Tax Code Sections 111.301 to 111.304 to implement the refund process. The Tax Code requires the Comptroller’s office to issue state tax refunds to qualified property owners who entered into property tax abatement agreements—after January 1, 1996—with a city or county, but not a school district. Property owners with tax abatement agreements entered into on or before this date were not eligible for these state refunds.

State law requires that the Comptroller adopt rules on this process for these state refunds. The Comptroller adopted Rule Section 9.105, Tax Refund for Economic Development, to implement this process.

Refund requirements

To be eligible for a refund, a property owner must have established a new business in a reinvestment zone, or expanded or modernized an existing business located in the zone. The city or county, but not the school district, must have granted a tax abatement for the owner’s property.

Since entering into a city or county abatement agreement, the property owner must have increased the business’s payroll by at least $3,000,000, specific to its property in Texas. Or, the owner must have increased the abated property’s appraised value by at least $4,000,000. The maximum refund is the lesser of the school district taxes paid or the amount of net sales and use tax and net franchise tax paid for the tax year the refund is claimed.

The property owner is barred from a refund if the company has agreed to an in-lieu-of-taxes payment—including a gift, grant, donation or provision of in-kind services—to the city or county, if the payment exceeds $5,000 in value.

A property owner’s refund equals the school property taxes paid by the owner in that tax year on property subject to a city or county abatement agreement. The refund also must be within the state’s annual cap of appropriated funds for these refunds.

Refund application

To claim a refund, a property owner must submit an application to the Comptroller’s office, along with the school district tax receipts showing the amount of school taxes paid on the property. A property owner must file the refund application before August 1 of the year following the tax year that the owner paid the school district property taxes.

Refund amounts and duration

Within 90 days of the refund-filing deadline, the Comptroller’s office computes the total amount of all eligible refunds. The annual cap on funds means that property owners claiming refunds may not receive the full amount of school taxes paid and requested because the Texas Legislature appropriated only $10 million for each year of the biennium for the refund program.

If, in any year, the total amount of all refunds claimed by property owners exceeds $10 million, the Comptroller’s office must reduce each claimant’s refund proportionally so that all property owners share in the $10 million. Owners may not claim the balance of a requested amount above the actual refund amount in a following year. Property owners also may not claim refunds that exceed the amount of net state sales and use tax and state franchise tax that they paid, after any applicable tax credit, in a given year.

The law provides that property owners may receive these refunds on state taxes for the lesser of five years or the duration of the tax abatement agreement with the city or county. If the property owner or the taxing unit cancels the tax abatement agreement or the property owner relocates the business outside the reinvestment zone, the owner’s right to claim a refund ends.